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__Divergent Boundaries-__ In the ocean, magma from deep in the Earth's mantle rises toward the surface and pushes apart two or more plates. The process renews the ocean floor and widens the giant basins. This makes the ridge of the longest mountain range in the world.they are called the Himalayas. To form the Himalayas, different stages of the Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Continental Plate. On land, giant troughs such as the Great Rift Valley in Africa form where plates are tugged apart. If the planes continue to diverge, millions of years from now, eastern Africa will split from the continent to form a new landmass. __Convergent Boundaries-__ Where plate serving landmass collide, the crust buckles into the mountain ranges. India and Asia crashed about 55 million years ago, slowly giving rise to the Himalaya. As this continues, the mountains get higher. Mount Everst might be a tiny bit taller tomorrow, than it is today. These boundries also occur where a plate of ocean dives, under a landmass. This is called subuction. As the plate lifts up, it forms mountain ranges. The diving plate melts and is often spewed out in a volcanic eruption. At ocean convergences, one plate usually dives beneath the other, forming trenches like the Mariana Trench in the North Pacific Ocean, the oldest point on Earth. These collisions can also lead to underwater volcanos that eventually build into and island like Japan. __Transform Boundaries-__ When two plates grind up past eachother along strike-slip faults, are transform boundaries. These don't produce features like mountains or oceans, but the halting motion often cause large earthquakes like the one in 1906 in San Francisco. Transform Boundaries slide past each other and cause earthquakes. A lot of the planets earthquakes occur along the rim of the rim of the Pacific Ocean, called the "Ring of Fire", because there is volcanic activity there. There are Transform Boundaries in the San Andreas Fault. There is also transform boundaries in the North Anatolian Fault in Turkey. Fracture zones along the mid-ocean ridges also have transform boundaries.
 * __Dynamic Earth__**[[image:divergent2.jpg height="175" align="right" caption="divergent2.jpg"]]

[]//www.nationalgeographic.com//. 1996. Web. 1 Jan.

http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundmentals/10k.html //www.nationalgeographic.com//. 1996. Web. 1 Jan.

http://himalayamountains.com //www.himalayamountains.com//. 2000. Web. 28 Mar.

Earth Science By Nancy E. Spaulding and Samuel N. Manowitz